This image provided by NASA shows the liftoff of the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen shortly after launch Friday, Oct. 28, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. (AP Photo/NASA - Bill Ingalls)
This image provided by NASA shows the liftoff of the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen shortly after launch Friday, Oct. 28, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. (AP Photo/NASA - Bill Ingalls)
This image provided by NASA shows the liftoff of the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen shortly after launch Friday, Oct. 28, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. (AP Photo/NASA - Bill Ingalls)
This image provided by NASA-TV shows the liftoff of the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen shortly after launch Friday, Oct. 28, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. (AP Photo/NASA
This image provided by NASA-TV shows the liftoff of the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen shortly after launch Friday, Oct. 28, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. (AP Photo/NASA
In this photo provided by NASA, the Delta II rocket with it's NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) spacecraft payload is seen as the service structure is rolled back on Thursday, Oct. 27, 2011, at Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. NPP is the first NASA satellite mission to address the challenge of acquiring a wide range of land, ocean, and atmospheric measurements for Earth system science while simultaneously preparing to address operational requirements for weather forecasting. NPP is scheduled to launch early Friday morning. (AP Photo/NASA, Bill Ingalls) MANDATORY CREDIT
VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (AP) ? After a years-long delay, an Earth-observing satellite blasted into space early Friday on a dual mission to improve weather forecasts and monitor climate change.
A Delta 2 rocket carrying the NASA satellite lifted off shortly before 3 a.m. from the central California coast. The satellite was boosted into an orbit 500 miles above Earth about an hour after launch.
NASA invited a small group of Twitter followers to watch the pre-dawn launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base.
The satellite joins a fleet already circling the planet, collecting information about the atmosphere, oceans and land. The latest ? about the size of a small SUV ? is more advanced. It carries four new instruments capable of making more precise observations.
Tim Dunn, a launch director for NASA, said in streaming commentary on the agency's website that the flight "went terrific" and there "is a lot of celebration in the control room right now."
Dunn said the weather was nearly perfect for the launch. The skies were clear and winds minimal.
Meteorologists will use the data to improve their forecasts of hurricanes and other extreme weather while climate researchers hope to gain a better understanding of long-term climate shifts.
Many satellites currently in orbit are aging and will need to be replaced. The newest satellite is intended to be a bridge between the current fleet and a new generation that NASA is developing for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The $1.5 billion mission's path to the launch pad has been rocky. It was originally scheduled to fly in 2006, but problems during development of several instruments led to a delay.
Engineers will spend some time checking out the satellite's instruments before science operations begin. Built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. in Boulder, Colo., the satellite is expected to orbit the Earth for five years.
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